en تخصصي Special گزارش مورد case report <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong></span> Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a life-threatening and scarce disorder characterized by acute renal failure and disease, non-immune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, leading to end-stage renal failure or death, and consequently maybe accompanying by extra renal manifestations.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Case report:</em></strong> </span>We reported aHUS accompanied by autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 40-month-old girl with chief complaint of fever and tea-colored urine starting on the morning of the same day. The aHUS was diagnosed based on patient&#39;s clinical manifestations, increased serum creatinine, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and no history of diarrheal disease.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> </span>Since the atypical hemolytic&ndash;uremic syndrome has a poor prognosis, its death rates is as high as 25% and it progresses to end-stage renal disease in half of the patients. It seems that an upper respiratory infection caused both autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and aHUS in our patient.</span></span></div> Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, Child 321 323 http://caspianjp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-120-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sayed Yousef Mojtahedi drmojtahed@yahoo.com 10031947532846002695 10031947532846002695 No Pediatric nephrologist, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Kaji Yazdi mkajiyazdi50@gmail.com 10031947532846002696 10031947532846002696 Yes Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ward, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran