en تخصصي Special كاربردي Applicable <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> </span>Children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are at risk of recurrent pyelonephritis, kidney scars, hypertension, and renal failure. Currently, VUR complications can be diagnosed by different imaging methods such as sonography, intravenous pyelography and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan, having certain limitations. Urinary level of ceruloplasmin (Cp) might be an effective non-radiological method. The aim of this study was to compare the urinary level of Cp with DMSA scan in the diagnosis of VUR complications.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> </span>The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Pediatric Research Center of Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran. Subjects consisted of 61 children with VUR, diagnosed by voiding cystoureterography (VCUG) and undergone either DMSA scan or urine Cp measurement. VUR stages and complications of the cases were evaluated using serum and urinary renal parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Results:</em></strong> </span>Among them, 80.3% were girls with a mean age of 7.2&plusmn;3.8 years. Mean Cp urine level was statistically different between VUR sides in DMSA scan (unilateral: 269.56 vs. bilateral: 450.42 &micro;g/dL) (P=0.034, r =0.273), but was not statistically different among various VUR degrees (P=0.102, r=0.211), different ages and genders (P>0.05). <span dir="RTL"></span><br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong></span> Urinary level of Cp was not statistically different among VUR degrees, but was higher in bilateral VUR cases, indicating Cp can be used as a safe, non-invasive, and cheap measurement tool for screening test. Further studies are required to confirm Cp as an effective method.</span></span> Children, Urinary tract infection, Ceruloplasmin, Sonography, Vesicoureteral reflux, DMSA 234 240 http://caspianjp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-34-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi akhavansepahim@yahoo.com 10031947532846001271 10031947532846001271 No Department of pediatric nephrology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran. Mohamad Heidari 10031947532846001272 10031947532846001272 No Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Reza Haeri 10031947532846001273 10031947532846001273 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom,, Iran. Mohammad Ghare Beghloo 10031947532846001274 10031947532846001274 No Pediatric Medicine Research Center, Qom University Of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi 10031947532846001275 10031947532846001275 No Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Associate professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Zahra Movahedi zmovahedi@muq.ac.ir 10031947532846001276 10031947532846001276 Yes Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran.