en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14.0pt"><b><span style="color:#24a3a0">Background and Objective:</span></b> Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by this fungus. It is a low-virulence fungus, and the first human case of this fungal infection was reported in 1956 in subcutaneous tissue. This fungus mainly affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Rarely, it can affect the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report a case of an 18-month-old boy diagnosed with hepatic basidiobolomycosis.</span><br> <b><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:#24a3a0">Case Report:</span></span></b><span style="line-height:107%"> An 18‑month‑old boy from Sarbaz (Sistan and Baluchestan province) presented with an one‑month history of fever, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. He had no travel history or known contact with sick individuals but had consumed contaminated well water. On examination, hepatomegaly was noted. Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis (16.5&times;10⁹/L, 77% neutrophils), hypochromic microcytic anemia (Hb: 7.3 g/dL), thrombocytosis (818,000), and eosinophilia (25%). CRP (96 mg/L) and ESR (85 mm/h) were markedly elevated, while liver enzymes, &beta;‑HCG, and AFP were normal. Abdominal CT showed a 38&times;40&times;6 mm hypodense hepatic mass with irregular margins. Liver biopsy demonstrated broad fungal hyphae surrounded by eosinophilic material and inflammatory cells. The patient received liposomal amphotericin B (5 mg/kg/day) with clinical improvement, then was discharged on oral itraconazole and remained well on follow‑up.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14.0pt"><b><span style="color:#24a3a0">Conclusion:</span></b> The diagnosis of hepatic basidiomycosis is a significant challenge and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with liver masses. Failure to make the correct diagnosis can lead to unnecessary surgery and even liver resection.</span></span></span></div> Basidiobolomycosis, Case Report, Liver, Pediatric 0 0 http://caspianjp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-189-7&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Majid Naderi dr.majidnaderi@gmail.com 10031947532846005238 10031947532846005238 No Professor of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Genetics of Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Mehdi Jahantigh Mehdijahan88@yahoo.com 10031947532846005239 0009-0002-2366-6588 No Assistant Professor of Pathology, Pathology Department, School of Public Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Saeedeh Yaghoubi yaghoubimd@yahoo.com 10031947532846005240 10031947532846005240 Yes Associate Professor of Pediatric Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Research institute of cellular and Molecular Science in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran