en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14.0pt"><b><span style="color:#24a3a0">Background and Objective:</span></b> Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Hypercyanotic spells are one of the major complications of TOF which call for a prompt intervention to resolve hypoxic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intranasal midazolam on the control of spells in children with hypercyanotic TOF.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14.0pt"><b><span style="color:#24a3a0"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">Methods:</span></span></b> <span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">This semi-experimental study was conducted on TOF children referring to the pediatric emergency department of Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran from April 2017 to February 2018. The children were knee-chest positioned by the mother, and if the spells were not resolved, 0.2 mg intranasal midazolam was introduced into the nasal cavity. Three minutes after the child&rsquo;s recovery, measurement of heart rate and respiratory rate as well as pulse oximetry was done. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 17.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14.0pt"><b><span style="color:#24a3a0">Findings:</span></b> Of the 10 patients studied, 6 (60%) were boys and 4 (40%) were girls. The age of patients ranged from 6 months to 3.5 years. Sixty percent of the children were in recovery, 20% were crying, and 20% were fearful. Examination of before and after intervention showed that heart rate and respiratory rate were significantly reduced (P <0.001). There was a significant increase in arterial blood oxygen (P <0.001).</span><br> <b><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:#24a3a0">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span style="line-height:107%">According to the results of this study, intranasal midazolam is effective and safe in controlling spells in patients with TOF.</span></span></span></div> Cyanosis, Heart Diseases, Midazolam, Nasal Absorption, Tetralogy of Fallot 16 16 http://caspianjp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-234-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Kurosh Riahi riahi-k@ajums.ac.ir 10031947532846004701 10031947532846004701 No Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Babak Najibi najibi-b@ajums.ac.ir 10031947532846004702 10031947532846004702 No Deparment of Pediatric Cardiology, Golestan Medical Educational Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Mehrdad Razmara razmara.m@ajums.ac.ir 10031947532846004703 10031947532846004703 Yes Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur university of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.