en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="color:#336666;"><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> </span>There is some evidence of a relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and functional defecation disorders (FDDs), both of which are common in childhood. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of ADHD in children with fecal incontinence (FI) and functional constipation (FC).<br> <span style="color:#336666;"><strong>Methods:</strong></span> This cross-sectional study was conducted on 99 children aged 4-14 years who met the Rome IV criteria to diagnose pediatric chronic FC with FI from January to May 2020. The ADHD was then assessed by the child and adolescent psychiatrist via clinical visits, DSM-5 and Conners Rating Scale (CRS). Pearson&rsquo;s Chi-Square test and Mann-Whitney&rsquo;s test were used to compare children with and without ADHD. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.<br> <span style="color:#336666;"><strong>Findings:</strong></span> According to DM-V and clinical visits, about 24 (24.2%) children with FC and FI were diagnosed with ADHD. Moreover, six and one of their relatives had anxiety/depression and schizophrenia, respectively. Children with ADHD were significantly male (83%, p= 0.009), older (p= 0.003), heavier (p= 0.005), first born (79%, P < 0.001) and premature (37%, P=0.01) with older mothers (p=0.01).<br> <span style="color:#336666;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong></span> This study showed that there was a high prevalence of ADHD in children with FC and FI. Therefore, screening of suspected children is recommended.</span></span></div> Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Constipation, Fecal Incontinence 560 565 http://caspianjp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-53-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohadese Shokravi mohadese_shokravi@yahoo.com 10031947532846004955 10031947532846004955 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Sanaz Mehrabani s.mehrabani@mubabol.ac.ir 10031947532846004956 10031947532846004956 Yes Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Armon Massoodi armonmassoodi@gmail.com 10031947532846004957 10031947532846004957 No Assistant Professor of child and adolescent Psychiatry, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol Univrsity of Medical Sciences,babol,Iran Mohammadreza Esmaeili Dooki esmaeilidooki@yahoo.com 10031947532846004958 10031947532846004958 No The Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Mahmoud Hajiahmadi hajiahmadi@yahoo.com 10031947532846004959 10031947532846004959 No Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran